Walter ambus crowdus



(NuModelQ) W. A. GROWDU S. GALVANIG BATTERY.

No. 450,285. Patented Apr. 14, 189 1.

FIG. 5.

WITNESSES:

5 INVENTOR:

#w M aim,

By his At/omgys, m6 an 3 tive plate or electrode UNITED STATES ALTER AMBUS CROVDUS, OF MEMPHIS,

TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR TO JO. \V.

ALLISON, TRUSTEE, OFSAME PLACE.

GALVANIC BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 450,285, dated April 14, 1891.

Application filed October 8,1890.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WALTER AMBUS Onow- DUs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Memphis, in the State of Tennessee, have iiivented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Batteries, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the electrical connections with the plates of galvanic batteries.

IO The connections are made through the bottom of the cell to terminals on the exterior thereof at one side or at the ends. The c011- nections with the plates are so devised as to leave the top of the cell unobstructed, so that I 5 they may not interfere with the recharging of the exciting-liquids, and the connection for the positive plate is so made as to enable the plate to be freely lifted out without the necessity of unfastening any connecting parts, so

2 that it may be quickly and easily replaced by a new plate. To this end the plates are connected with binding-posts through the medium of wires or strips passing through the bottom of the cell and traversing a suitable 5 space beneath the cell for connection bet-ween the successive cells of a battery or connected series of jars, or in the case of a single cell with binding-posts 011 the exterior thereof at either side. The connection with the posiis made by providing ametallic trough in the bottom of the cell,

into which trough the bottom edge of the electrode is set, so that it is immersed in abath of mercury placed therein, which serves both to make a good electric contact between the electrode and the metal trough and to protect the latter from the action of the electrolyte.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical transverse section of a battery-cell 4 constructed according to my invention. Fig.

2 is a section thereof in a plane at right angles to Fig. 1, as denoted by the line 2 2. Fig. 3

is a horizontal transverse section in the plane of the line 3 3 in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. at is a fragmentary view on a larger scale, showing the bottom portions of the electrodes and their connections. Fig. 5 is a plan of a case or box containing a battery of cells. Fig. 6 is asection of Fig. 5 in the plane of the line 6 6. The cell or battery-vessel A may be made wood, fiber, or other suitable material,

of imeasily soldered to one side of Serial No. 367,421. (No model.)

pregnated, if necessary, with wax or other impermeable material. It has a removable bottom e and a false bottom b,leavin g a space 0 between them for the wire connections. Above the false bottom I) the cell is divided by a porous partition, B, which may be of unglazed earthenware, as usual, into two chambers (Z and e, in the former of whichis placed the electrolyte for the negative plate and in the latter that for the positive plate.

The negative electrode 0 consists, in the construction shown, of a plate of porous carbon placed in the chamberd close against the porous partition B, so that it co-operatcs thercwith to prevent the mixing of the two electrolytes. ThepositiveplateE,ofzincorothersuitable material, is placed in the chamber 5, and rests with its lower edgein the mercury bath D. The side edges ofthe plates B and O are sup- 7o ported by being held in grooves in the side Walls of the cell, and their connection is made tight by a filling of Wax or other impervious material. A wax coating f is also applied on the bottom of the cell, extendingbeneath the .75 bottoms of the plates B and O.

The mercury-trough D is formed at the lowest portion of the chamber 6, so that the mercury if displaced therefrom will run backinto the trough. It is formed byatrough 80. of metal or other conducting material, as shown at gin Figs. 1 and 4. The connectingwire it is soldered to the trough and extends down through the bottom Z2.

The mercury seal affords a perfect connec- 8 5 tion between the metal trough and the electrode and serves to protect the metal of the trough from local action by the exciting-liquid or electrolyte. To this end the mercury seal should be made deep enough to immerse the 0 trough, and thereby prevent access of the liquid to it.

The wire 2' connects with the bottom of the negative plate C by passing through the bottom 1), and being soldered or otherwise con- 5 nected to the plate. It the plate is of carbon, it should have its lower edge electroplated with copper, as shown at j in Fig. 4.

A bar 7t, of lead or other metal, may then be this copper rim or soldered to may project beneath and the Wire 2' embedded in the bar 7s. This bar 7t the bottom of the porous partition l3, so that sorting a new plate it is only necessary to 1nroom is provided for it in the grooves in the sure that its bottom shall drop into the trough Side walls of the cell A, or it may project to i or groove 1,50 as to be immersed in the bath 5 both sides, as shoWninFig. l, but be made too i of mercury, which at once insures a pertect 5 short to enter the grooves. The wires h and connection.

iare carried through the bottom space to An importantadvantage of my invention is either side or to opposite sides ot" the cell thatthe mercury bath D keeps the "Z1110 plate and pass out through holes for connection continually amalgamated by creeping up the with binding-posts Z Z, as shown in Figs. and surfaces or the plate. The advantage ot thus 0 3. The bottom a is made removable, so that amalgamating the zinc is well understood in the connections can be properly arranged, i the art.

and then the bottom be subsequently t'asti The details of the connections and the gencned on. This is the construction for single l oral arrangement or the battery or cell may cells. be changed considerably without departing [5 For batteries or cases containing a number i from my invention.

of cells connected in series the cells are con i My invention is applicable to nearly all structed without the bottoms a and are arforms of batteries, both one-fluid and tworanged in a suitable box or case, the wire "i of fluid batteries, except gravity-batteries. it 70 one cell being connected-to the wire it of the will only be necessary to change the mechannext at the bottom f t case @116 suitable ical arrangements and details of the connecarrangement for this purpose is shown in tions to adapt it to almost any one ot the 'Figs. 5 and 6, where F designates the inclosknown types of batteries. ing case or box subdivided by partitions m m l make herein no claim to the negative elec- 7 5 into compartments for the reception of the trolyte U of porous carbon being arranged 2 5 individual cells A A. Ledges a a are prol against the porous plateBto co-operate therevided in this box for supporting the bottoms with, as a porous diaphragm for preventing of the cells. The top 1) and bottom (.1 of the the mixture of the electrolytes is thus claimed box are made removable, and between the in another application executed by me coincibottom and the ledges n at the bottoms of dently with the present one, patented Janu- 0 the partitions m is a space answering the ary 27, 1891 ,No. H5, H5. This arrangement same purpose as the space 0 in the single is not essential to my present invention and cell. The wires hi of the cells are carried may be modified or departed from in any out through their bottoms and connected tomanner that experience or judgment may dicgether in this space before fastening on the tate.

3 5 bottom board or plate q. One suitable man- I claim as my invention the following dener of connecting the elements in series is lined novel features on improvements, subshown by the dotted lines in Fig. .5. "lhe biudstantially as hereinbefore specified, namelying-posts Z Z, to which. the terminals of the op- T he combination, with a battery-cell hav- 9o posite ends of the series or cells are coning a metallic trough in its bottom, of a cpn- 4o nected, are most conveniently arranged on. ductorleadingtromsaidtroughtotheexterior, the front of the box at its opposite ends, so a bath of mercuryin said trough, and an electhat successive boxes or batteries maybe controde with its bottom portion immersed in the veniently connected together, as shown in mercury, whereby the mercury forms an elec- 95 Fig. 5. tric connection between theelectrode and the 5 In my battery the connections are so armetallic trough.

ranged as to be entirely exterior to the chamln witness whereof I have hereunto signed bers for the electrolytes, so that the electromy name in the presence of two subscribing lytes can be drawn off and replaced without witnesses.

possibility of disturbing the connections. WALTER AMBUS CROYVDUS. The positive plate E may also be lifted out Witnesses:

for examination or replacement by a new 1M5. FOWLER,

plate with the minimum of trouble. lln in- L. HUDGINS. 

